高校入試の英語で毎年出題される「同じ意味になるように文を書き換える問題」は、文法知識を確実に身につけているかを試す重要な分野です。否定文・受動態・比較・関係代名詞・不定詞など、幅広い文法項目から出題されるため、苦手なまま放置すると大きな失点につながります。
本記事では、書き換え問題の頻出パターン、正しい英文に変えるためのコツ、さらに実践的な対策問題(解答・解説付き)をまとめて紹介します。文法の理解が深まれば得点源に変わる分野なので、入試本番で確実に点を取れる力を身につけましょう。
【問題】同意完成文の対策問題
【問1】次の文を同じ意味になるように書き換えた時、( )内に入る語句を答えなさい。
(1) Kenji is a friend of mine.
=Kenji is one of ( )( ).
(2) She has no sisters.
=She ( ) have ( ) sisters.
(3) Are these her notebooks ?
=Are these notebooks ( ) ?
(4) Does she go to school on foot ?
=Does she ( )( ) school ?
(5) What is the date today ?
=What day ( )( )( ) is it today ?
(6)Please teach me Japanese.
=Please teach ( )( ) me .
(7)English is interesting to me.
=I am interested ( ) English.
(8) My sister can play the piano very well.
=My sister ( )( )( ) play the piano very well.
(9) Alice plays the piano very well.
=Alice is very ( )( ) playing the piano .
(10) I like this book the best of all the books.
=I like this book ( ) than ( )( ) book.
【解答・解答】同意完成文の対策問題
【問1】
(1)=Kenji is one of (my)(friends).
(2)=She (doesn’t) have (any) sisters.
(3)=Are these notebooks (hers) ?
(4) =Does she (walk)(to) school ?
(5) =What day (of)(the)(month) is it today ?
(6)Japanese to
「make 人+物」=「make 物 for 人」
(例文)I bought you a present . = I bought a present for you.
➋give/teach/show型の動詞(相手がいないと成立しない動詞)
「give 人+物」=「give 物 to 人」
(例文)I gave you a present . = I gave a present to you.
(7)in
■byを使わない受動態
・be interested in ~ (~に興味がある)
・be filled with ~(~で満たされている)
・be covered with ~(~に覆われている)
I was surprised at the news.
I was surprised to hear the news.
He is known to everyone.
This city is known for its beauty.
This desk is made of wood.
Wine is made from grapes.
(8)is able to
(9)good at
・be good at ~ing (~するのがじょうず「得意」である)
・Thank you for ~ing (~してくれてありがとう)
・look forward to ~ing (~するのを楽しみに待つ)
(10)better / any other
(例文)He is taller than any other boy in his class.(訳)彼はクラスのほかのどの少年よりも背が高い。
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