【高校英語】英単語の発音・アクセントのルールです。
英単語のアクセントのルール
接尾語から2つ前の母音
- [ate] educate / separate / concentrate / hesitate / accurate / immediate
- [ify] identify
接尾語の直前の母音
- [ize] apologize / organize /recognize
- [tion/sion] station / illusion
- [cracy/-graphy] democracy / biography / geograph
- [-logy/- nomy] psychology / economy
- [-meter/-metry] thermometer / geometry
- [-eer] engineer / volunteer
- [ścian/-sian] musician / physician / Asian / Russian
- [ity/-ety] ability / curiosity / anxiety
- [ance/ence] instance / occurrence
確認しておきたい母音の位置
- [-tial/-cial] essential / official
- [-ious/-eous] conscious / religious / courageous
- [-ic] economic / scientific
- [-ical] historical / political (例外) Catholic / lunatic / politics
- [-tive] objective / attentive
- [–tive] executive / relative
- [—tive] imaginative
同一語で品詞によってアクセントが変わるもの
名詞は前、動詞は後
- contrast (対照) -contrast (対比する)
- récord (記録) -recórd (記録する)
その他よく出るアクセントの位置
- 語尾が -tion, -ian, -ial, -ic, -icsの語はその直前。(例) va・ca・tion / mu・si・cian
- 語尾が -self, -neseの語はその部分。(例)my・self / Jap・a・nese / Chi・nese
- every, some, any, no で始まる語はその部分。(例)every・thing / some・one / no・thing
- 第1音節にアクセントのある語。(例)al・ways / birth・day / note・book / an・i・mal / dif・i・cutなど
- 第2音節にアクセントのある語。(例)a・gain / en・joy/ al・read・y / an・other / to・mor・rowなど
- 第3音節にアクセントのある語。(例)af・ter・noon / in・tro・duce / vol・tun・teer / un・der・standなど
発音のルール
同じ発音の単語の組
- eat(食べる)の過去と8 ate=eight
- 青いとblow(吹く)の過去 blue=blew
- ブレーキと壊す brake=break
- 買うと~のそばに buy=by
- セントとsend(送る)の過去・過去分詞 cent=sent
- 目と私は eye=I
- 聞こえるとここに hear=here
- 穴と全体の hole=whole
- それのit isの短縮 its=it’s
- 肉と会う meat=meet
- 新しいとknowの過去 new=knew
- いいえと知っている no=know
- 鼻とknowの三単現 nose=knows
- 1とwinの過去・過去分詞 one=won
- 私たちの1時間 our=hour
- 平和とかけら peace=piece
- readの過去・過去分詞と赤 read=red
- 正しいと書く right=write
- 道路とride(乗る)の過去 road=rode
- 航海と安売り sail=sale
- 場面とseeの過去分詞 scene=seen
- 海と見る sea=see
- 息子と太陽 son=sun
- throwの過去と~を通って threw=through
- 彼のとそこに their=there
- ~もまたと2 too=two
- 週と弱い week=weak
つづりが似ているが異なる発音
- easyとready
- youngとwould
- foodとfoot
- heardとheart
- aloneとalong
- bathとbus
- boatとbought
- capとcup
- earとyear
- glassとgrass
- leadとread
- longとwrong
- thoughとthought
- walkとwork
母音と綴り
- [æ] apple, animal, cat, habit, lamp
- [a] number, glove, country, blood
- [ai] climate, type, height, tie
- [au] aloud, bough, allow, brow, owl
- [i] exist, myth, pretty, women, busy
- [is] beard, pioneer, mere, fierce
- [i:] evil, police, niece, creature, zeal, feet, ceiling, people Lu bush, wool, bosom, wolf, would
- [ua] poor, tour, sure
- [u:] tomb, fool, soup, shoe, conclude, blue, blew
- [e] weapon, echo, bury
- [ei] ancient, brain, prayer, steak, vein, weight
- [éə] care, rare, hair, pear, wear, heir, there
- [ä] want, modern
- [0;] lawn, pause, bald, broad, bought
- []ô cost, lost
- [ou] moment, only, coat, road, bowl, snow, soul, folk
子音と綴り
- [s] increase, loose, succeed, space, scene, sword
- [z] zero, zoo, disease, advise
- [0] bath, mouth, thin, cloth
- [ð] smooth ,mouths, northern, bathe, clothe
- [tʃ] chamber, arch, kitchen, question
- [ʃí] machine, ancient, mission, nation
- [k] stomach, architect, echo, accord, conquer
- [dʒ] Japan, engine, suggest, damage, bridge
- [3] usual, vision, leisure
- [ŋ] spring, thing, young, sing, singer
- [g] language, younger, English
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